Common methods used by these inspectors: 

• Visual Inspection: A fundamental method where inspectors visually examine components for signs of damage, corrosion, leaks, and wear.
  

• Ultrasonic Testing (UT): Uses high-frequency sound waves to detect hidden defects, thickness measurements, and material characterization in pipes, flanges, and valves.
  

• Radiographic Testing (RT): Utilizes X-rays or gamma rays to examine the internal structure of materials, identifying cracks, weld defects, and other flaws.
  

• Magnetic Particle Testing (MT): Detects surface and near-surface defects by applying a magnetic field and observing the response of magnetic particles applied to the surface.
  

• Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT): Involves applying a liquid penetrant to the surface, which seeps into cracks and defects, revealing them when the excess penetrant is removed.
  

• Eddy Current Testing (ET): Uses electromagnetic induction to assess the condition of conductive materials, particularly for detecting corrosion and cracking.
  

• Positive Material Identification (PMI): Determines the elemental composition of materials to ensure they meet specification requirements.
  

• Infrared Thermography: Detects variations in temperature to identify issues like insulation defects, blockages, or overheating in valves and pipes.
  

• Pressure Testing: Involves subjecting equipment to controlled pressure to check for leaks or structural weaknesses.
  

• Valve Functional Testing: Inspectors evaluate valve performance by assessing their opening and closing functions, leakage rates, and response to control signals.
  

• Ultrasonic Thickness Gauging: Measures material thickness to identify corrosion or thinning of pipe walls.
  

• Boroscopic Inspection: A specialized technique that involves inserting a borescope into confined spaces or the interior of pipes and valves to visually inspect their condition.
  

• Leak Testing: Determines if there are any leaks by introducing a gas or liquid and monitoring for pressure changes or escaping fluid.
  

• Weld Inspection: Focuses on assessing the quality of welds, looking for defects such as cracks, lack of fusion, or incomplete penetration.
  

• Hardness Testing: Measures the hardness of materials to assess their suitability and resistance to wear and deformation.